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    GitHub
    <span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></nav>  <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/c438df/" class="sidebar-link">01_认识 Python</a></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/54ff73/" class="sidebar-link">02_第一个 Python 程序</a></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/d84b0c/" class="sidebar-link">03_PyCharm 的初始设置(知道)</a></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/d99c19/" class="sidebar-link">04_多文件项目的演练</a></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/6bdfff/" class="sidebar-link">05_注释</a></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/20b1cf/" class="sidebar-link">06_算数运算符</a></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/82298a/" class="sidebar-link">07_程序执行原理(科普)</a></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/9b2741/" class="sidebar-link">08_变量的基本使用</a></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/3e8319/" class="sidebar-link">09_变量的命名</a></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/a02b0a/" class="sidebar-link">10_判断语句</a></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/79d78c/" class="sidebar-link">11_运算符</a></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/3ce888/" class="sidebar-link">12_循环</a></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ceea69/" class="sidebar-link">13_函数基础</a></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/e158a8/" class="sidebar-link">14_高级变量类型</a></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/" aria-current="page" class="active sidebar-link">15_名片管理系统(综合应用)</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#目标" class="sidebar-link">目标</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#系统需求" class="sidebar-link">系统需求</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#步骤" class="sidebar-link">步骤</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_01-框架搭建" class="sidebar-link">01. 框架搭建</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_1-1-文件准备" class="sidebar-link">1.1 文件准备</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_1-2-编写主运行循环" class="sidebar-link">1.2 编写主运行循环</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_1-3-在-cards-tools-中增加四个新函数" class="sidebar-link">1.3 在 cards_tools 中增加四个新函数</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_1-4-导入模块" class="sidebar-link">1.4 导入模块</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_1-5-完成-show-menu-函数" class="sidebar-link">1.5 完成 show_menu 函数</a></li></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_02-保存名片数据的结构" class="sidebar-link">02. 保存名片数据的结构</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#定义名片列表变量" class="sidebar-link">定义名片列表变量</a></li></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_03-新增名片" class="sidebar-link">03. 新增名片</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_3-1-功能分析" class="sidebar-link">3.1 功能分析</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_3-2-实现-new-card-方法" class="sidebar-link">3.2 实现 new_card 方法</a></li></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_04-显示所有名片" class="sidebar-link">04. 显示所有名片</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_4-1-功能分析" class="sidebar-link">4.1 功能分析</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_4-2-基础代码实现" class="sidebar-link">4.2 基础代码实现</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_4-3-增加标题和使用-t-显示" class="sidebar-link">4.3 增加标题和使用 \t 显示</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_4-4-增加没有名片记录判断" class="sidebar-link">4.4 增加没有名片记录判断</a></li></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_05-查询名片" class="sidebar-link">05. 查询名片</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_5-1-功能分析" class="sidebar-link">5.1 功能分析</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_5-2-代码实现" class="sidebar-link">5.2 代码实现</a></li></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_06-修改和删除" class="sidebar-link">06. 修改和删除</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_6-1-查询成功后删除名片" class="sidebar-link">6.1 查询成功后删除名片</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_6-2-修改名片" class="sidebar-link">6.2 修改名片</a></li></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#_07-linux-上的-shebang-符号" class="sidebar-link">07. LINUX 上的 Shebang 符号(#!)</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/ed6fdd/#使用-shebang-的步骤" class="sidebar-link">使用 Shebang 的步骤</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/e98ba6/" class="sidebar-link">16_变量进阶(理解)</a></li><li><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/pages/f99095/" class="sidebar-link">17_函数进阶</a></li></ul> </aside> <div><main class="page"><div class="theme-vdoing-wrapper "><div class="articleInfo-wrap" data-v-06225672><div class="articleInfo" data-v-06225672><ul class="breadcrumbs" data-v-06225672><li data-v-06225672><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/" title="首页" class="iconfont icon-home router-link-active" data-v-06225672></a></li> <li data-v-06225672><a href="/vdoing-demo-repository/python/#Python" data-v-06225672>Python</a></li></ul> <div class="info" data-v-06225672><!----> <div title="创建时间" class="date iconfont icon-riqi" data-v-06225672><a href="javascript:;" data-v-06225672>2023-04-02</a></div> <!----></div></div></div> <!----> <div class="content-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-margin"><div class="right-menu-title">目录</div> <div class="right-menu-content"></div></div></div> <h1><img src="">15_名片管理系统(综合应用)<!----></h1> <!----> <div class="theme-vdoing-content content__default"><h1 id="综合应用-名片管理系统"><a href="#综合应用-名片管理系统" class="header-anchor">#</a> 综合应用 —— 名片管理系统</h1> <h2 id="目标"><a href="#目标" class="header-anchor">#</a> 目标</h2> <p>综合应用已经学习过的知识点：</p> <ul><li><strong>变量</strong></li> <li><strong>流程控制</strong></li> <li><strong>函数</strong></li> <li><strong>模块</strong></li></ul> <p>开发 <strong>名片管理系统</strong></p> <h2 id="系统需求"><a href="#系统需求" class="header-anchor">#</a> 系统需求</h2> <ul><li><ol><li>程序启动，显示名片管理系统欢迎界面，并显示功能菜单</li></ol></li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>**************************************************
欢迎使用【名片管理系统】V1.0

1. 新建名片
2. 显示全部
3. 查询名片

0. 退出系统
**************************************************
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><ul><li><ol start="2"><li>用户用数字选择不同的功能</li></ol></li> <li><ol start="3"><li>根据功能选择，执行不同的功能</li></ol></li> <li><ol start="4"><li>用户名片需要记录用户的 <strong>姓名</strong>、<strong>电话</strong>、<strong>QQ</strong>、<strong>邮件</strong></li></ol></li> <li><ol start="5"><li>如果查询到指定的名片，用户可以选择 <strong>修改</strong> 或者 <strong>删除</strong> 名片</li></ol></li></ul> <h2 id="步骤"><a href="#步骤" class="header-anchor">#</a> 步骤</h2> <ol><li>框架搭建</li> <li>新增名片</li> <li>显示所有名片</li> <li>查询名片</li> <li>查询成功后修改、删除名片</li> <li>让 Python 程序能够直接运行</li></ol> <h2 id="_01-框架搭建"><a href="#_01-框架搭建" class="header-anchor">#</a> 01. 框架搭建</h2> <p><strong>目标</strong></p> <ul><li>搭建名片管理系统 <strong>框架结构</strong> <ol><li><strong>准备文件</strong>，确定文件名，保证能够 <strong>在需要的位置</strong> 编写代码</li> <li>编写 <strong>主运行循环</strong>，实现基本的 <strong>用户输入和判断</strong></li></ol></li></ul> <h3 id="_1-1-文件准备"><a href="#_1-1-文件准备" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1.1 文件准备</h3> <ol><li>新建 <code>cards_main.py</code> 保存 <strong>主程序功能代码</strong> <ul><li>程序的入口</li> <li>每一次启动名片管理系统都通过 <code>main</code> 这个文件启动</li></ul></li> <li>新建 <code>cards_tools.py</code> 保存 <strong>所有名片功能函数</strong> <ul><li>将对名片的 <strong>新增</strong>、<strong>查询</strong>、<strong>修改</strong>、<strong>删除</strong> 等功能封装在不同的函数中</li></ul></li></ol> <h3 id="_1-2-编写主运行循环"><a href="#_1-2-编写主运行循环" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1.2 编写主运行循环</h3> <ul><li>在 <code>cards_main</code> 中添加一个 <strong>无限循环</strong></li></ul> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>
<span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

    <span class="token comment"># TODO(小明) 显示系统菜单</span>

    action <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token builtin">input</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;请选择操作功能：&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;您选择的操作是：%s&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">%</span> action<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token comment"># 根据用户输入决定后续的操作</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> action <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;2&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;3&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
        <span class="token keyword">pass</span>
    <span class="token keyword">elif</span> action <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">&quot;0&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
        <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;欢迎再次使用【名片管理系统】&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

        <span class="token keyword">break</span>
    <span class="token keyword">else</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
        <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;输入错误，请重新输入&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><h4 id="字符串判断"><a href="#字符串判断" class="header-anchor">#</a> 字符串判断</h4> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">if</span> action <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;2&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;3&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">if</span> action <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">&quot;1&quot;</span> <span class="token keyword">or</span> action <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">&quot;2&quot;</span> <span class="token keyword">or</span> action <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">&quot;3&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ol><li>使用 <code>in</code> 针对 <strong>列表</strong> 判断，避免使用 <code>or</code> 拼接复杂的逻辑条件</li> <li>没有使用 <code>int</code> 转换用户输入，可以避免 <strong>一旦用户输入的不是数字</strong>，导致程序运行出错</li></ol> <h4 id="pass"><a href="#pass" class="header-anchor">#</a> pass</h4> <ul><li><code>pass</code> 就是一个空语句，不做任何事情，一般用做占位语句</li> <li>是为了保持程序结构的完整性</li></ul> <h4 id="无限循环"><a href="#无限循环" class="header-anchor">#</a> 无限循环</h4> <ul><li>在开发软件时，如果 <strong>不希望程序执行后</strong> 立即退出</li> <li>可以在程序中增加一个 <strong>无限循环</strong></li> <li><strong>由用户来决定</strong> 退出程序的时机</li></ul> <h4 id="todo-注释"><a href="#todo-注释" class="header-anchor">#</a> TODO 注释</h4> <ul><li>在 <code>#</code> 后跟上 <code>TODO</code>，用于标记需要去做的工作</li></ul> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token comment"># TODO(作者/邮件) 显示系统菜单</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_1-3-在-cards-tools-中增加四个新函数"><a href="#_1-3-在-cards-tools-中增加四个新函数" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1.3 在 <code>cards_tools</code> 中增加四个新函数</h3> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">show_menu</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

    <span class="token triple-quoted-string string">&quot;&quot;&quot;显示菜单
    &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">pass</span>

<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">new_card</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

    <span class="token triple-quoted-string string">&quot;&quot;&quot;新建名片
    &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;-&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;功能：新建名片&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>


<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">show_all</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

    <span class="token triple-quoted-string string">&quot;&quot;&quot;显示全部
    &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;-&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;功能：显示全部&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>


<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">search_card</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

    <span class="token triple-quoted-string string">&quot;&quot;&quot;搜索名片
    &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;-&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;功能：搜索名片&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_1-4-导入模块"><a href="#_1-4-导入模块" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1.4 导入模块</h3> <ul><li>在 <code>cards_main.py</code> 中使用 <code>import</code> 导入 <code>cards_tools</code> 模块</li></ul> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> cards_tools
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ul><li>修改 <code>while</code> 循环的代码如下：</li></ul> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> cards_tools

<span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

    cards_tools<span class="token punctuation">.</span>show_menu<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    action <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token builtin">input</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;请选择操作功能：&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;您选择的操作是：%s&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">%</span> action<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token comment"># 根据用户输入决定后续的操作</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> action <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;2&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;3&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

        <span class="token keyword">if</span> action <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
            cards_tools<span class="token punctuation">.</span>new_card<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

        <span class="token keyword">elif</span> action <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">&quot;2&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
            cards_tools<span class="token punctuation">.</span>show_all<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

        <span class="token keyword">elif</span> action <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">&quot;3&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
            cards_tools<span class="token punctuation">.</span>search_card<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token keyword">elif</span> action <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">&quot;0&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
        <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;欢迎再次使用【名片管理系统】&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

        <span class="token keyword">break</span>
    <span class="token keyword">else</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
        <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;输入错误，请重新输入：&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><blockquote><p>至此：<code>cards_main</code> 中的所有代码全部开发完毕！</p></blockquote> <h3 id="_1-5-完成-show-menu-函数"><a href="#_1-5-完成-show-menu-函数" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1.5 完成 <code>show_menu</code> 函数</h3> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">show_menu</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

    <span class="token triple-quoted-string string">&quot;&quot;&quot;显示菜单
    &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;*&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;欢迎使用【菜单管理系统】V1.0&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;1. 新建名片&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;2. 显示全部&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;3. 查询名片&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;0. 退出系统&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;*&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_02-保存名片数据的结构"><a href="#_02-保存名片数据的结构" class="header-anchor">#</a> 02. 保存名片数据的结构</h2> <p><strong>程序就是用来处理数据的，而变量就是用来存储数据的</strong></p> <ul><li>使用 <strong>字典</strong> 记录 <strong>每一张名片</strong> 的详细信息</li> <li>使用 <strong>列表</strong> 统一记录所有的 <strong>名片字典</strong></li></ul> <p><img src="media/14973084639044/001_%E5%90%8D%E7%89%87%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%85%A8%E5%B1%80%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8.png" alt="001_名片管理系统全局列表-w500"></p> <h3 id="定义名片列表变量"><a href="#定义名片列表变量" class="header-anchor">#</a> 定义名片列表变量</h3> <ul><li>在 <code>cards_tools</code> 文件的顶部增加一个 <strong>列表变量</strong></li></ul> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token comment"># 所有名片记录的列表</span>
card_list <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p><strong>注意</strong></p> <ol><li><strong>所有名片相关操作</strong>，都需要使用这个列表，所以应该 <strong>定义在程序的顶部</strong></li> <li><strong>程序刚运行时，没有数据</strong>，所以是 <strong>空列表</strong></li></ol> <h2 id="_03-新增名片"><a href="#_03-新增名片" class="header-anchor">#</a> 03. 新增名片</h2> <h3 id="_3-1-功能分析"><a href="#_3-1-功能分析" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3.1 功能分析</h3> <ol><li>提示用户依次输入名片信息</li> <li>将名片信息保存到一个字典</li> <li>将字典添加到名片列表</li> <li>提示名片添加完成</li></ol> <h3 id="_3-2-实现-new-card-方法"><a href="#_3-2-实现-new-card-方法" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3.2 实现 new_card 方法</h3> <ul><li>根据步骤实现代码</li></ul> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">new_card</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

    <span class="token triple-quoted-string string">&quot;&quot;&quot;新建名片
    &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;-&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;功能：新建名片&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token comment"># 1. 提示用户输入名片信息</span>
    name <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token builtin">input</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;请输入姓名：&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    phone <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token builtin">input</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;请输入电话：&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    qq <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token builtin">input</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;请输入 QQ 号码：&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    email <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token builtin">input</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;请输入邮箱：&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token comment"># 2. 将用户信息保存到一个字典</span>
    card_dict <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> name<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
                 <span class="token string">&quot;phone&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> phone<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
                 <span class="token string">&quot;qq&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> qq<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
                 <span class="token string">&quot;email&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> email<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token comment"># 3. 将用户字典添加到名片列表</span>
    card_list<span class="token punctuation">.</span>append<span class="token punctuation">(</span>card_dict<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>card_list<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    
    <span class="token comment"># 4. 提示添加成功信息</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;成功添加 %s 的名片&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">%</span> card_dict<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><blockquote><p>技巧：在 <code>PyCharm</code> 中，可以使用 <code>SHIFT + F6</code> 统一修改变量名</p></blockquote> <h2 id="_04-显示所有名片"><a href="#_04-显示所有名片" class="header-anchor">#</a> 04. 显示所有名片</h2> <h3 id="_4-1-功能分析"><a href="#_4-1-功能分析" class="header-anchor">#</a> 4.1 功能分析</h3> <ul><li>循环遍历名片列表，顺序显示每一个字典的信息</li></ul> <h3 id="_4-2-基础代码实现"><a href="#_4-2-基础代码实现" class="header-anchor">#</a> 4.2 基础代码实现</h3> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">show_all</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

    <span class="token triple-quoted-string string">&quot;&quot;&quot;显示全部
    &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;-&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;功能：显示全部&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token keyword">for</span> card_dict <span class="token keyword">in</span> card_list<span class="token punctuation">:</span>

        <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>card_dict<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><ul><li>显示效果不好！</li></ul> <h3 id="_4-3-增加标题和使用-t-显示"><a href="#_4-3-增加标题和使用-t-显示" class="header-anchor">#</a> 4.3 增加标题和使用 <code>\t</code> 显示</h3> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">show_all</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
    <span class="token triple-quoted-string string">&quot;&quot;&quot;显示全部
    &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;-&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;功能：显示全部&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token comment"># 打印表头</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span> name <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;姓名&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;电话&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;QQ&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;邮箱&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
        <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> end<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;\t\t&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token comment"># 打印分隔线</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;=&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token keyword">for</span> card_dict <span class="token keyword">in</span> card_list<span class="token punctuation">:</span>

        <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;%s\t\t%s\t\t%s\t\t%s&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">%</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>card_dict<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
                                        card_dict<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;phone&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
                                        card_dict<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;qq&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
                                        card_dict<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;email&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_4-4-增加没有名片记录判断"><a href="#_4-4-增加没有名片记录判断" class="header-anchor">#</a> 4.4 增加没有名片记录判断</h3> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">show_all</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
    <span class="token triple-quoted-string string">&quot;&quot;&quot;显示全部
    &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;-&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;功能：显示全部&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token comment"># 1. 判断是否有名片记录</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token builtin">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>card_list<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
        <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;提示：没有任何名片记录&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

        <span class="token keyword">return</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><p><strong>注意</strong></p> <ul><li>在函数中使用 <code>return</code> 表示返回</li> <li>如果在 <code>return</code> 后没有跟任何内容，只是表示该函数执行到此就不再执行后续的代码</li></ul> <h2 id="_05-查询名片"><a href="#_05-查询名片" class="header-anchor">#</a> 05. 查询名片</h2> <h3 id="_5-1-功能分析"><a href="#_5-1-功能分析" class="header-anchor">#</a> 5.1 功能分析</h3> <ol><li>提示用户要搜索的姓名</li> <li>根据用户输入的姓名遍历列表</li> <li>搜索到指定的名片后，再执行后续的操作</li></ol> <h3 id="_5-2-代码实现"><a href="#_5-2-代码实现" class="header-anchor">#</a> 5.2 代码实现</h3> <ul><li>查询功能实现</li></ul> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">search_card</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

    <span class="token triple-quoted-string string">&quot;&quot;&quot;搜索名片
    &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;-&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;功能：搜索名片&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token comment"># 1. 提示要搜索的姓名</span>
    find_name <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token builtin">input</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;请输入要搜索的姓名：&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token comment"># 2. 遍历字典</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span> card_dict <span class="token keyword">in</span> card_list<span class="token punctuation">:</span>

        <span class="token keyword">if</span> card_dict<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> find_name<span class="token punctuation">:</span>

            <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;姓名\t\t\t电话\t\t\tQQ\t\t\t邮箱&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;-&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">40</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            
            <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;%s\t\t\t%s\t\t\t%s\t\t\t%s&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">%</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
                card_dict<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
                card_dict<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;phone&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
                card_dict<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;qq&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
                card_dict<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;email&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

            <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;-&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">40</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            
            <span class="token comment"># TODO(小明) 针对找到的字典进行后续操作：修改/删除</span>

            <span class="token keyword">break</span>
    <span class="token keyword">else</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
        <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;没有找到 %s&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">%</span> find_name<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br></div></div><ul><li>增加名片操作函数：<strong>修改</strong>/<strong>删除</strong>/<strong>返回主菜单</strong></li></ul> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">deal_card</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>find_dict<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

    <span class="token triple-quoted-string string">&quot;&quot;&quot;操作搜索到的名片字典

    :param find_dict:找到的名片字典
    &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>find_dict<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    action_str <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token builtin">input</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;请选择要执行的操作 &quot;</span>
                       <span class="token string">&quot;[1] 修改 [2] 删除 [0] 返回上级菜单&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token keyword">if</span> action <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
        <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;修改&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">elif</span> action <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">&quot;2&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
        <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;删除&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_06-修改和删除"><a href="#_06-修改和删除" class="header-anchor">#</a> 06. 修改和删除</h2> <h3 id="_6-1-查询成功后删除名片"><a href="#_6-1-查询成功后删除名片" class="header-anchor">#</a> 6.1 查询成功后删除名片</h3> <ul><li>由于找到的字典记录已经在列表中保存</li> <li>要删除名片记录，只需要把列表中对应的字典删除即可</li></ul> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>    <span class="token keyword">elif</span> action <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">&quot;2&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
        card_list<span class="token punctuation">.</span>remove<span class="token punctuation">(</span>find_dict<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

        <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;删除成功&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_6-2-修改名片"><a href="#_6-2-修改名片" class="header-anchor">#</a> 6.2 修改名片</h3> <ul><li>由于找到的字典记录已经在列表中保存</li> <li>要修改名片记录，只需要把列表中对应的字典中每一个键值对的数据修改即可</li></ul> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>    <span class="token keyword">if</span> action <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

        find_dict<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token builtin">input</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;请输入姓名：&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        find_dict<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;phone&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token builtin">input</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;请输入电话：&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        find_dict<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;qq&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token builtin">input</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;请输入QQ：&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
        find_dict<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;email&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token builtin">input</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;请输入邮件：&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

        <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;%s 的名片修改成功&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">%</span> find_dict<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><h4 id="修改名片细化"><a href="#修改名片细化" class="header-anchor">#</a> 修改名片细化</h4> <ul><li><strong>如果用户在使用时，某些名片内容并不想修改</strong>，应该如何做呢？—— 既然系统提供的 <code>input</code> 函数不能满足需求，那么就新定义一个函数 <code>input_card_info</code> 对系统的 <code>input</code> 函数进行扩展</li></ul> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">input_card_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dict_value<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tip_message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

    <span class="token triple-quoted-string string">&quot;&quot;&quot;输入名片信息

    :param dict_value: 字典原有值
    :param tip_message: 输入提示信息
    :return: 如果输入，返回输入内容，否则返回字典原有值
    &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
    <span class="token comment"># 1. 提示用户输入内容</span>
    result_str <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token builtin">input</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tip_message<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token comment"># 2. 针对用户的输入进行判断，如果用户输入了内容，直接返回结果</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token builtin">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>result_str<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

        <span class="token keyword">return</span> result_str
    <span class="token comment"># 3. 如果用户没有输入内容，返回 `字典中原有的值`</span>
    <span class="token keyword">else</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

        <span class="token keyword">return</span> dict_value

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_07-linux-上的-shebang-符号"><a href="#_07-linux-上的-shebang-符号" class="header-anchor">#</a> 07. LINUX 上的 <code>Shebang</code> 符号(<code>#!</code>)</h2> <ul><li><code>#!</code>这个符号叫做 <code>Shebang</code> 或者 <code>Sha-bang</code></li> <li><code>Shebang</code> 通常在 <code>Unix</code> 系统脚本的中 <strong>第一行开头</strong> 使用</li> <li>指明 <strong>执行这个脚本文件</strong> 的 <strong>解释程序</strong></li></ul> <h3 id="使用-shebang-的步骤"><a href="#使用-shebang-的步骤" class="header-anchor">#</a> 使用 Shebang 的步骤</h3> <ul><li><ol><li>使用 <code>which</code> 查询 <code>python3</code> 解释器所在路径</li></ol></li></ul> <div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ <span class="token function">which</span> python3
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ul><li><ol start="2"><li>修改要运行的 <strong>主 python 文件</strong>，在第一行增加以下内容</li></ol></li></ul> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token comment">#! /usr/bin/python3</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ul><li><ol start="3"><li>修改 <strong>主 python 文件</strong> 的文件权限，增加执行权限</li></ol></li></ul> <div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ <span class="token function">chmod</span> +x cards_main.py
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ul><li><ol start="4"><li>在需要时执行程序即可</li></ol></li></ul> <div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>./cards_main.py
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